TYPES OF CRYPTOGRAPHY

Cryptography is defined as the secret way of writing.It involves three steps such as encryption,transmission,decryption.The cryptographic process involves an element called key for encryption and decryption.The key is like a password for a folder. It is primarily divided into three different types.They are
1.Symmetric encryption
2.Asymmetric encryption
3.Hybrid encryption
SYMMETRIC ENCRYPTION
In this method the same key is used for both encryption and decryption.By doing so the key should be transmitted from sender to receiver through the network,which is easy for the hackers to obtain the key and decrypt it.This method is very faster because same key is used for both encryption and decryption but is very insecure.This method is on longer in use.


ASYMMETRIC ENCRYPTION
This is a very effective method since the receives will generate a pair of keys(private key and public key).He sends the public key to the sender from whom he wish to receive the data,hacking of this key will not effect because it will only be able to encrypt the data.The sender encrypt the data with public key and transmit over the lines to the receiver.Upon receiving the data the receiver decrypt the message with his private key.The two keys are designed in such a way that the private key will not be derived from public key with the algorithms such as RSA algorithm.This type of encryption is like a padlock where anyone can easily lock(encrypt) just by pressing but the key is required for opening(decrypt).The main disadvantage of this type is that it is atleast 1000 times slower than symmetric method.

HYBRID ENCRYPTION
This method combines the advantages of the above two methods.In this method the data is symmetrically encrypted and the symmetric key is asymmetrically encrypted with the public key of receiver.At the receiver end with the help of his private key the symmetric key is taken out and that key is used to decrypt the data.This method is as fast as symmetric method because here only the key is asymmetrically encrypted which is very small in size and also this method has the security features available in asymmetric method.